MIRO, Joan (1893-1983)
Joan Miro (1893-1983) studied art at the Barcelona School of Fine Arts and at the Academia Gali. His parents would rather have seen him taking a job as a serious businessman. He even took business classes in 1907 parallel to his art classes. Miro worked as an accountant for nearly two years until he had a nervous breakdown. His parents finally accepted their son´s choice of a career as an artist without giving him too much support.
In the beginning of his career Miro tried different painting styles like Fauvism and Cubism. In 1920, he made the first of a series of trips to Paris. In 1921 he settled permanently in the French capital. He met Pablo Picasso and many of the other great painters and artists living in Paris - the center of arts in the late nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century.
From 1924 on, Miro joined the circle of the Surrealist theorist Andre Breton. His painting style took a turn to Surrealism. His comrades were Andre Masson and Max Ernst. But he never integrated himself completely into this group dominated by Andre Breton. He remained an outsider.
By 1930 the artist had developed his own style. Miro art is hard to describe. It is characterized by brilliant colors combined with simplified forms. Joan Miro integrated elements of Catalan folk art into his works. He liked to compare his visual arts to poetry.
In the 1930s the artist´s fame and recognition became international. From 1940 to 1948 he was back in Spain. During this period he experimented in different media; sculpture, ceramics and murals.
In 1947, he came to the United States for the first time. He had several solo shows. The most important one was a retrospective at the MoMA in 1951 and in 1959. In 1954 he won a prize at the Venice Biennale.
Miro was a disciplined, hard working and modest man. In spite of international recognition, his financial situation was tense. After World War II, his first trip to the USA pushed his popularity and the market value of his art work.
In 1956 Miro could finally move into the villa of his dreams, located in Palma de Majorca. The new home was built in an ultra-modern style typical for the avant-garde architecture of the fifties. In 1992 it was transformed into the Miro Museum open to the public.
Miro was a dedicated print make who worked in lithographs and etchings with carborundum . Miro is among those modern artists like Picasso or Chagall whose works were published in editions targeted at a collector audience, making Miro art available for art lovers around the world.
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